Before looking at the detail of your query, I should say that it relates more to contract management and politics, than project controls. If a ‘job’ (I hesitate to use the word ‘project’ which is a reserved word for P6 users) has a single list of agreed deliverables, then it should be managed in a single P6 database, so your issue does not arise. That is seldom possible due to 20th century thinking about, amongst other things, the competition between owners and contractors, and the failure of contract management to pay any effective attention to project controls.
‘I work on many projects, how do I ensure my 100 calendars and tons of resources etc do not infect the machines of people I give projects back to? ‘
This is not your problem. This has been understood by P6 users for almost 20 years. You are either sharing resources and calendars, or you are not. The export from P6 is only ‘all data’, the import can be partially controlled. The ‘importer’ should understand what data they require by reference to the contract (no laughing at the back), the rush to create separate P6 plans without agreeing everything in advance is a category error, often resolved in court. I am available, for the usual exorbitant expert witness rates.
‘Shouldn't everyone always use Project Calendars if you ever share?’
NO! well, let me expand little. ‘Job’ calendars should be used, these need to be ‘Global’ in P6 terms, because you are sharing data across databases.
'Shouldn't people always use "new Calendar" on import because changes to an existing calendar would change old schedules, correct? '
NO! same answer as above. Yes, existing schedules might be changed, by a planner ‘accidentally’ changing an agreed calendar in one database, and it being imported into another. P6 is rubbish at management and housekeeping of its own data. Human intervention is required, and of course MUST BE BUDGETED AND PAID FOR.
‘How do you avoid proliferation then?’
Spend money on housekeeping. My ‘UK all-comers record’ is single P6 database with 127 identical 7x12 calendars. Ker-ching.
Are there differences in P6 versions regarding the handling of Calendars?
Not significantly, there have been improvements in importing calendars, but no significant ones since, I think, version 8.